The Bengal tiger is one of the world's best known tiger species because it is part of India's national crest, and also because this is one of the few tiger species to be bred successfully in captivity. Unfortunately, even though captive breeding programs have been successful, this tiger still faces extinction due to hunting and habitat loss. The last population count estimates the tiger population to be between 3,159-4,715 with about 333 tigers in zoos worldwide. This is a high number compared to their cousin the Sumatran tiger, however, this species is still diminishing in numbers because of the exponential increase in the human population. The Indian government, understanding how critically important the right amount of territory is to the Bengal tiger, set up a conservation program called "Project Tiger" in 1972. The aim of Project Tiger is to ensure maintenance of a viable population of tigers for scientific, economic, aesthetic, cultural, and ecological values. Since this project began, 80 reserves for the tigers have been set up in India. Not just any park or game preserve can be considered by the Indian government to be a tiger reserve - there are criteria the area must meet before becoming a reserve. The criteria are: the area must have little or no disturbance to the land, no drilling, mining, or timber harvesting ventures are permitted in the reserve, and they must be in different providences, so that responsibility could be evenly distributed throughout the entire country. The future for the Bengal tiger is uncertain. Despite the success of Project Tiger, the lack of genetic diversity and the recent human fatalities do not bode well for the species. Hopefully, the Indian and Bangladesh governments will be able to find out the cause of these attacks before it is once again open hunting season on the Bengal tiger.
http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/tiger
http://www.allaboutwildlife.com/endangered-tigers-facts
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